فایل ورد کامل ترمز ضدقفل هوشمند بدون سنسور؛ توسعه سیستم‌های نوین برای خودروهای الکتریکی بدون جاروب‌کننده

different designs of in-wheel electric vehicles (EVs). In

this paper, a sensorless antilock braking system (ABS) for

brushless-motor in-wheel EVs is proposed. The proposed

solution omits the need for installation of separate conventional

ABS sensors at each corner of the vehicle. This paper

also shows, both theoretically and experimentally, that the

general form of a conventional ABS sensor output voltage

is identical to a brushless dc (BLDC)-motor back electromotive

force. The proposed sensorless system can reduce the

costs of manufacturing and maintenance of the vehicle and

significantly improves the performance of the ABS by accurate

wheel speed estimation and road identification using

wavelet signal processingmethods. The sensorless system

was extensively tested using actual ABS hardware. Those

experiments showed that the accuracy of the proposed sensorless

wheel speed estimation for BLDC propulsion was

higher than that of commercial ABS sensors. In addition,

sensorless ABS for brushless propulsion was compared

with that of brushed dc motor, and the results showed that

the brushless sensorless ABS achieved better accuracy,

robustness, and reliability compared with the sensorless

ABS for brushed dc motor.

Index Terms—Antilock braking system (ABS), brushless

motor, continuous wavelet transform (CWT), discrete

wavelet transform (DWT), electric vehicle (EV), in-wheel

technology, regenerative braking, sensorless ABS.

Abstract—Brushless motors are increasingly used indifferent designs of in-wheel electric vehicles (EVs). Inthis paper, a sensorless antilock braking system (ABS) forbrushless-motor in-wheel EVs is proposed. The proposedsolution omits the need for installation of separate conventionalABS sensors at each corner of the vehicle. This paperalso shows, both theoretically and experimentally, that thegeneral form of a conventional ABS sensor output voltageis identical to a brushless dc (BLDC)-motor back electromotiveforce. The proposed sensorless system can reduce thecosts of manufacturing and maintenance of the vehicle andsignificantly improves the performance of the ABS by accuratewheel speed estimation and road identification usingwavelet signal processingmethods. The sensorless systemwas extensively tested using actual ABS hardware. Thoseexperiments showed that the accuracy of the proposed sensorlesswheel speed estimation for BLDC propulsion washigher than that of commercial ABS sensors. In addition,sensorless ABS for brushless propulsion was comparedwith that of brushed dc motor, and the results showed thatthe brushless sensorless ABS achieved better accuracy,robustness, and reliability compared with the sensorlessABS for brushed dc motor.Index Terms—Antilock braking system (ABS), brushlessmotor, continuous wavelet transform (CWT), discretewavelet transform (DWT), electric vehicle (EV), in-wheeltechnology, regenerative braking, sensorless ABS.